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中瑞自贸协定完成升级谈判：标注开放合作新刻度,中瑞自贸协定完成升级谈判：标注开放合作新刻度_我的网站
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A Chinese research team from Nanjing University has developed a new ultra-low-power intelligent vision sensor chip, dubbed "LightTok," that can convert light signals into tokens within the sensor, significantly reducing the high energy consumption caused by frequent transfers of massive amounts of redundant data, the principal investigator told the Global Times.
According to a release from the Institute of Brain-Inspired Intelligence of Nanjing University, tokens generated by the LightTok chip can be directly fed into a Transformer encoder for image recognition.
"Our design idea was to move token generation onto the sensor itself, allowing the chip to directly produce tokens that AI models can process once light reaches the sensor," Miao Feng, director of the Institute of Brain-Inspired Intelligence at Nanjing University, told the Global Times on Thursday. "These tokens contain complete image information."
Physical AI refers to intelligent systems capable of autonomously perceiving, reasoning, acting and receiving feedback in the real world, representing a key pathway for AI to move from the digital realm into the physical world. Vision-based physical AI systems powered by large AI models need to convert visual information from real-world environments into tokens that can be processed by AI models before feeding these tokens into Transformers for subsequent tasks.
In traditional visual perception pipelines, light signals must go through multiple stages, including image sensing, analog-to-digital conversion, data buffering and transfer, digital image patching and embedding, before being transformed into tokens that AI models can process. The frequent transfer of massive amounts of redundant data has resulted in high energy consumption at the edge, according to a report by Science and Technology Daily.
The LightTok chip directly addresses a key challenge in physical AI hardware: how to efficiently acquire and tokenize visual information from the physical world with low energy consumption, Miao said.
The LightTok chip consists of a photosensitive memory array and peripheral circuits. The team built the array based on single-layer molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) floating-gate phototransistors, with each pixel capable of sensing light, storing information and performing analog computing. By processing optical information directly within the chip, the device can convert captured visual signals into tokens for AI models, according to the research team.
The current LightTok prototype has a resolution of 32×32 pixels, or 1,024 photosensitive pixels, which is still smaller than that of smartphone cameras and industrial imaging systems. However, Miao said the technology is compatible with CMOS manufacturing processes and can be scaled up. With wafer-level growth of molybdenum disulfide materials, the chip could potentially achieve a scale comparable to existing imaging devices.
Miao said the chip also draws inspiration from the information-processing mechanism of human vision. Similar to how the retina extracts key visual information before transmitting it to the brain, the chip also aims to process visual information at an early stage.
The research was conducted in collaboration with another research team from the National University of Singapore. The findings were published on Wednesday in Nature Sensors, an internationally renowned journal in the field of sensing technology, according to the release.
Potential applications for LightTok include drone systems, autonomous remote sensing and small-scale embodied AI systems, Miao said. In these scenarios, devices need to continuously detect, understand and track targets, generating massive amounts of visual data. By reducing the energy required for visual processing, the technology could extend the operating time of drones, satellites and small robots with limited power supplies, the expert said.
。 北京8月25日电 中国和瑞士自贸协定升级版的达成，标志着中国与欧洲大陆国家签署的首个自贸协定迈入提质升级新阶段。 一、中瑞自贸协定升级谈判进程 中瑞自贸协定于2013年7月签署、2014年7月生效，是我国与欧洲大陆国家签署的第一个自贸协定，实施以来总体进展顺利，有力促进了双边经贸合作发展。2017年1月，中瑞双方宣布启动自贸协定升级联合可研；2024年1月，双方宣布完成联合可研，一致同意尽快正式启动升级谈判；同年9月，升级宣布正式启动谈判。历经五轮谈判，8月20日，商务部部长王文涛在瑞士与瑞士联邦主席兼经济、教研部部长帕姆兰共同宣布完成中瑞自贸协定升级谈判并签署谅解备忘录。
B | 双方商定，将力争尽早签署中瑞自贸协定升级议定书，推动双边经贸关系提质升级，让两国民众和企业尽早受益。 二、中瑞自贸协定升级版具有重要意义 (一)推动中瑞经贸合作迈向更高水平 2014年中瑞自贸协定的生效，为双边贸易稳定发展注入强劲动力。据中方统计，2014—2024年，中瑞双边货物贸易额由435.7亿美元增至627.7亿美元，其中中国对瑞士出口由30.9亿美元增至74.6亿美元，自瑞士进口由404.8亿美元增至553.1亿美元，10年间增幅分别为44%、142%和37%。据瑞士方面统计，期间中国由瑞士的全球第六大货物贸易伙伴上升至全球第三大货物贸易伙伴。在中瑞自贸协定生效的带动下，2014—2024年间，中国与瑞士双向投资存量由60.8亿美元增长至135.5亿美元，增幅123%。 升级谈判的完成，将推动双方在覆盖经贸合作的各领域进行更高水平相互开放，有助于进一步深化中瑞务实合作。这既为中国企业开拓瑞士市场、开展双向投资创造更加公平、透明、便利的条件，也让瑞士的优势产品更便捷地进入中国市场，有利于把合作共赢的“蛋糕”越做越大，让两国民众和企业共享更多开放红利。 (二)启示中欧能够拓展经贸合作广阔空间 瑞士是高度开放、发达的经济体，在中欧经贸合作中发挥着独特的桥梁纽带作用。中瑞自贸协定升级谈判的完成，表明中国与欧洲发达国家能够开展符合双方利益的高水平经贸合作。
C | 双方以实际行动证明，只要坚持相互尊重、照顾彼此关切，就能建立更加紧密、长期稳定的经贸关系，不断拓展双方的共同利益，这也为中国与欧盟经贸关系发展带来启示。
D | 尽管当前中欧经贸合作面临较大困难，但双方互为重要贸易伙伴，合作共赢的大势没有改变，只要秉持相互尊重、平等互利的基本原则，就能充分发挥中欧经贸合作的巨大潜力，不断夯实中欧经贸关系持续健康稳定发展的基础，为双方发展带来广阔空间。 (三)彰显中国支持自由贸易的坚定立场 当前，单边主义与保护主义持续抬头，全球贸易体系面临严峻挑战，多边贸易体制及全球产业链供应链的稳定遭受冲击。在此背景下，中瑞自贸协定升级谈判的顺利完成，充分展现了中国扩大高水平开放的坚定立场。在全球贸易不确定性加剧之际，中国和瑞士以相互扩大开放的实际行动，为维护多边贸易体制和推动自由贸易作出表率，必将为推动开放型世界经济建设发挥积极作用。 从总体看，升级后的中瑞自贸协定将进一步向“现代高水平”自贸协定跃升，形成一套兼顾开放深度与自由化水平高度的制度安排，充分体现了两国把握时代趋势、共促经贸繁荣的远见与担当。中瑞携手，标注开放合作新刻度，既为全球经贸治理注入确定性，也为高水平开放写下生动注脚。相信这份升级后的自贸协定，将更好惠及两国人民，也为世界贡献更多互利合作的正能量，让开放合作的印记在时代进程中深深镌刻。 (作者 商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院欧洲研究所所长 姚铃)。
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